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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely to know that different varieties of beans have different flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and more tart flavor profile and are often added to blends of beans to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world, making up 75% of global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The flavor and aroma of coffee can be affected by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the methods of processing used.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were energized after eating fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly around the world.

Unroasted coffee beans wholesale beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of flourishing when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees that can be used in many different methods of brewing. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma and body of the coffee and is often preferred in order to achieve an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most sought-after kind of coffee bean around the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and is able to grow in less favorable environments. It can tolerate higher temperatures and does well in direct sun. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective plant to grow.

Although it might sound odd it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag it's likely there's some robusta in there as well.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to cut costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the quality of the flavor, it's crucial to select a high-quality beans from a source you are confident in. This can be done by purchasing the beans directly from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football which is what makes them distinct from other coffee beans. They have a smell that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are often paired with other coffee beans to give a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot climates and can grow at low altitudes. They also have a much more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for growing at home. It is possible to purchase the seeds on the internet from several sources, however it is best to purchase them from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils that have moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa which was originally considered to be a separate species but was later re-classified to be a variant of Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans are grown on large coffee plants that reach 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular option for house blends. They are also less heavy on the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta however they still possess a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth-most popular kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as a different coffee plant species until 2006, when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee bean near me beans are distinctive with a teardrop-shaped shape and possess a dark, mysterious flavor. They are typically used to give blends more body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive at higher altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They also have a little of acidity. When roasted and brewed correctly they may impart notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most popular coffee bean coffee in the world, and is responsible for around 40% of the coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet they contain more caffeine than Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

Now that you've learned the four most common types of coffee beans, it's time to choose the perfect coffee. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste opt for an arabica or a blend of arabica beans and robusta beans.