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Coffee Beans Types Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties produce distinct flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a type of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and more tart flavor profile and are often added to coffee blends to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world and accounts for 75% of the global coffee bean production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta and are available in a variety of flavours. The flavor and aroma of coffee are affected by the conditions under the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" actually comes from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats became energized after eating these berries, and that the cultivation of coffee soon became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are capable of thriving when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is thought to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty cafe coffee beans shops and roasters focus on using ethically-sourced arabica beans by focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique specialty coffees, which are suitable for different brewing methods. Blending allows control over the aroma, taste, body and acidity of coffee. It is usually used to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of cheap coffee beans bean grown in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee bean shop's brewing process and cause undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and is able to thrive in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sun. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a efficient crop to grow.

Although it might sound odd the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's likely that there's also some robusta.

Although some roasters only use arabica beans but the majority do mix the two varieties in order to cut cost and maintain the quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor you should select the best quality beans from a reliable source. The best way to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football which is why they are different from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is fruity and floral with smokey undertones. They are often paired with other coffee bean varieties to provide a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. It is possible to purchase the seeds on the internet from several sources, however it is best to buy locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different variety of cafe coffee beans bean. It was once classified as a distinct species, but it has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that are cultivated on 20-30-foot coffee plants at moderate altitudes. Their distinctive taste is tart and sour, which makes them a popular option for blends that are house-made. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have a distinct quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta, although they're fourth popular. They were considered to be a different coffee plant species up until 2006, when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious taste. They're often used in blends to add extra body and a rich tart, ripe fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are known for having an apricot-like flavor. They thrive at higher altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They have a little acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they can be a bit sweet with hints of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's beans. These beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

After having a better understanding of the four most popular types, it's now time to select the best brew. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors, choose an arabica bean or a blend made up of robusta and arabica beans.