10 Things We Hate About Federal Employers
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When workers in high-risk sectors are injured, they are usually protected by laws that hold employers to higher standards of safety. Federal Employers' Liability Act for instance, protects railroad workers.
To recover damages under the FELA the plaintiff must demonstrate that their injury was at a minimum, caused by the negligence of the employer.
Workers' Compensation vs. FELA
There are differences between workers compensation and FELA while both laws offer protection to employees. These differences are related to the claims process, fault assessment and the kinds of damages that are awarded in the event of death or injury. Workers' compensation law offers immediate relief to injured workers regardless of who is responsible for the accident. FELA requires that claimants show that their railroad's employer is at the very least partially responsible for their injuries.
Additionally, FELA allows workers to sue in federal court instead of the state's worker compensation system. It also allows the option of a jury trial. It also establishes specific rules for determining damage. For instance, a worker can receive compensation of up to 80% of their average weekly wage, plus medical expenses and an affordable cost of living allowance. A FELA lawsuit may also provide compensation for discomfort and pain.
For a worker to succeed in a FELA case they must prove that negligence by the railroad played at least a part in the injury or death. This is a much higher standard than what is required to be successful in a claim under workers compensation. This requirement is a result of FELA's history. In 1908, Congress passed FELA to increase rail safety by allowing injured workers to claim damages.
As a result of over a century of FELA litigation, railway companies now regularly implement safer equipment, but trains, tracks, railroad yards and machine shops are still some of the most dangerous work environments. FELA is important to ensure the safety of railway workers, and to correct employers' negligence in protecting their employees.
If you are a railway employee who has been injured on the job, it is crucial that you seek legal advice as quickly as possible. The best way to start is to reach out to a designated Legal Counselor from BLET (DLC). Click on this link to locate a DLC firm in your area.
FELA vs. Jones Act
The Jones Act is a federal law that permits seamen to sue their employers for work-related injuries and deaths. The Jones Act was passed in 1920 as a means to safeguard sailors who are at risk on the high seas or in other navigable waters. They are not covered by workers' compensation laws unlike workers on land. It was closely modeled after the Federal Employers Liability Act (FELA), which protects railroad workers, and was specifically designed to meet the unique requirements of maritime workers.
Contrary to the laws governing workers' compensation which limit the recovery for negligence to a maximum of an injured worker's lost wages, the Jones Act provides unlimited liability for maritime plaintiffs in cases that involve employer negligence. In addition under the Jones Act, plaintiffs are not required to prove that their injuries or deaths were directly caused by the negligence of an employer's conduct. The Jones Act allows injured seamen to sue their employers in order to seek compensation for unspecified damages including past and present suffering and pain, future loss of earning capacity, mental distress, etc.
A suit for a seaman in the Jones Act can be brought either in an state court or a federal court. In a suit under the Jones Act, plaintiffs have the right to a trial by jury. This is a distinct approach than most workers' compensation laws, which are generally statutory and do not afford injured workers the right to a trial by jury.
In the case Norfolk Southern Railway Company v. Sorrell the US Supreme Court was asked to clarify if a seaman’s contribution to their own injuries was subjected to a higher evidence standard than FELA claims. The Court decided that the lower courts were correct when they determined a seaman must prove that his involvement in the accident directly caused his injury.
Sorrell was awarded US$1.5 million for his injury. Sorrell's employer, Norfolk Southern, argued that the trial court's instructions to the jury were erroneous, since they instructed the jury to determine Norfolk responsible only for any negligence directly contributing to the victim's injury. Norfolk argued that the causation standard should be the same in FELA and Jones Act cases.
Safety Appliance Act vs. FELA
The Federal Employers' Liability Act allows railroad workers to sue directly their employers for negligence that caused injuries. This is a major distinction for injured workers in high-risk industries. After an accident, they will be compensated and maintain their families. The fela claims railroad employees law, which was passed in 1908 was an acknowledgment of the inherent dangers of the work. It also established uniform liability standards.
FELA requires railroads to provide a safe work environment for their employees. This includes the use of properly maintained and repaired equipment. This includes everything from locomotives and cars to tracks, switches and other safety equipment. To be successful, an injured worker must demonstrate that their employer has violated their duty of responsibility by failing to provide them with a reasonably secure working environment and that the injury was the direct result of this negligence.
Some workers may find it difficult to meet this requirement, especially when a piece of equipment that is defective is responsible for causing an accident. An experienced lawyer who has experience with FELA claims is a great resource. Having an attorney that understands the specific safety requirements for railroaders and the regulations that govern them can improve the case of a worker by establishing a solid legal foundation.
The Railroad Safety Appliance Act and the Locomotive Inspection Act are two railroad laws that can strengthen workers' FELA claim. These laws are referred to as "railway statutes" and require that rail corporations, and in certain instances their agents (like managers, supervisors, or executives of companies) must adhere to these rules in order to ensure the safety of their employees. Infractions to these laws can be considered negligence per se, meaning that a violation of one of these rules is sufficient to support an injury claim under FELA.
If an automatic coupler grab iron, or any other railroad device is not installed correctly or is damaged This is a common example of a railroad law violation. This is clearly a violation of the Safety Appliance Act, and if an employee is hurt as a result they could be entitled to compensation. However, the law also stipulates that if the plaintiff contributed to their injury in any way (even if minimal), their claim may be reduced.
FELA vs. Boiler Inspection Act
FELA is a set of federal laws which allows railroad employees and their family members to recover substantial damages if they get injured on the job. This includes compensation for the loss of earnings as well as benefits including medical expenses, disability payments, and funeral expenses. If an injury results in permanent impairment or death, punitive damages may also be claimed. This is to penalize railroads for negligent actions and discourage other railroads from engaging in similar behavior.
Congress passed FELA in response to the public's outrage in 1908 about the alarming rate of fatalities and accidents on railroads. Prior to FELA, there was no legal basis for railroad employees to sue their employers if they were injured at work. Railroad workers who were injured, and their families, were often denied financial assistance during the time they were unable to work due to their injury or negligence by the railroad.
Injured railroad workers can bring claims for damages under FELA in either state or federal court. The act replaced defenses like the Fellow Servant Doctrine or assumption of risk with a system based on the concept of comparative fault. The act determines the railroad worker's part of the blame for an accident by comparing their actions with the actions of their coworkers. The law allows for the jury to decide on the case.
If a railroad carrier violates the federal railroad safety law such as The Safety Appliance Act and Boiler Inspection Act it is strictly liable for any injuries that result from it. This does not mean that the railroad to prove it was negligent or even that it was a cause of an accident. You can also bring a claim for injuries caused by exhaust fumes from diesel engines under the Boiler Inspection Act.
If you have been injured while working as a railroad worker you should contact an experienced railroad injury attorney immediately. A qualified lawyer can assist you file a claim and get the most benefits in the event that you are not able to work because of your injury.
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